Estradiol (E2)
Estradiol is the main estrogen in reproductive-age women and is present at lower levels in men. It regulates the menstrual cycle, bone health, and many tissues. Values change sharply with cycle phase, pregnancy, and menopause.
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Normal ranges
Wide lab-specific and phase-specific ranges. Follicular phase often ~30–100 pg/mL; mid-cycle peak higher; postmenopausal often <30 pg/mL. Adult men roughly ~10–40 pg/mL — always compare to your lab’s reference interval.
Units: pg/mL (pmol/L in SI)
Causes of deviations
Low levels:
Menopause, ovarian insufficiency, some medications (e.g., aromatase inhibitors), hypogonadism contexts.
High levels:
Ovulation or pregnancy, estrogen therapy, some ovarian tumors, obesity-related increased aromatase in men.
When to see a doctor
If levels are unexpected with symptoms (cycle changes, hot flashes, gynecomastia, galactorrhea) or when monitoring hormone therapy — coordinate with an endocrinologist or gynecologist.
Related biomarkers
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